Red Patches On Legs: Causes & What to Do

Key takeaways:

• Red patches on the legs can have various causes, including skin conditions like eczema, contact dermatitis, or fungal infections.
• While most red patches are harmless and can be treated with at-home remedies, persistent or severe cases may indicate a more serious condition.
• Knowing when to seek medical attention is important, especially if the patches are accompanied by symptoms like pain, fever, or they are spreading.

Red patches on your legs can be concerning, especially if they are accompanied by other symptoms like itching or discomfort. These patches can arise from various causes, including allergic reactions, skin conditions, or irritation from environmental factors. While many cases are mild and resolve with simple at-home treatments, some may require medical attention. Understanding the potential causes, symptoms, and treatments of red patches on the legs can help you manage the condition effectively.

In this article, we’ll explore the common causes of these red patches, associated symptoms, and when it’s time to see a doctor.

Common causes of red patches on legs

Red patches on the legs can stem from various conditions. Below are some common causes:

Eczema

Eczema is a chronic skin condition that causes red, inflamed patches of skin that can appear anywhere on the body, including the legs.

Eczema flare-ups may be triggered by environmental factors, such as harsh soaps, allergens, or extreme temperatures. These patches can be intensely itchy, and in some cases, the skin may crack or ooze fluid.

Contact dermatitis

Contact dermatitis occurs when your skin comes into contact with an irritant or allergen, such as certain fabrics, plants, or chemicals.

This can result in red, itchy patches on the legs. These patches typically clear up once the irritant is removed, but chronic exposure can lead to persistent redness and inflammation.

Psoriasis

Psoriasis is an autoimmune condition that causes skin cells to multiply too quickly, resulting in thick, red patches of skin covered with silvery scales.

These patches can appear anywhere on the body, including the legs. Psoriasis is often accompanied by itching or pain and may worsen with stress, infections, or cold weather.

Fungal infections

Fungal infections, such as athlete’s foot or ringworm, can cause red patches on the legs.

These patches are often itchy and may have a raised border. Fungal infections thrive in warm, moist environments and are more common in individuals who sweat heavily or wear tight-fitting clothing.

Cellulitis

Cellulitis is a bacterial skin infection that causes red, swollen, and tender patches. It occurs when bacteria enter the skin through cuts or cracks, typically affecting the lower legs.

While cellulitis can be serious and may require antibiotics, it is less common than other causes of red patches on the legs, such as eczema or contact dermatitis.

Photosensitivity reactions

Exposure to sunlight can cause red patches to develop on the legs, especially in individuals with sensitive skin or underlying conditions that increase photosensitivity.

Certain medications, such as antibiotics or diuretics, can also make the skin more reactive to sunlight. These red patches typically appear after sun exposure and may be accompanied by a burning sensation or itching. In some cases, sunburn may also lead to peeling or blistering of the skin.

Read our full guides on leg rashes and types of rashes for more.

Other symptoms associated with red patches on legs

Red patches on the legs may be accompanied by other symptoms that can help pinpoint the underlying cause. Below are some common symptoms:

Itchy patches

Itchy red patches are often caused by eczema, contact dermatitis, or fungal infections. Itchiness can worsen with scratching, leading to secondary infections or skin damage.

Non-itchy patches

Non-itchy red patches could indicate conditions like psoriasis or vascular issues. These patches may be accompanied by pain or swelling but are not necessarily itchy.

Hot or warm patches

If the patches feel warm to the touch, this could be a sign of inflammation or infection, such as cellulitis. Heat in the affected area may indicate that the body is fighting off an infection.

Painful patches

Painful red patches may suggest a more serious condition, such as cellulitis or a deep skin infection. If the pain worsens or spreads, it’s essential to seek medical attention.

Small patches

Small, red patches could be caused by an allergic reaction, insect bites, or heat rash. These patches may remain localized or spread if the underlying issue persists.

Large patches

Large red patches may be caused by eczema or psoriasis. They can also be indicative of more severe infections or inflammatory conditions, especially if they spread quickly.

Bright red patches

Bright red patches are often a sign of increased blood flow to the area, which can happen due to inflammation, allergic reactions, or cellulitis.

which can happen due to inflammation or allergic reactions. In some cases, bright red patches may indicate a more serious issue like cellulitis.

Scaly patches

Red, scaly patches can be caused by psoriasis or eczema. The scales are typically a result of rapid skin cell turnover or extreme dryness.

Round or circular patches

A round or circular rash can be a sign of a fungal infection, such as ringworm. These patches often have a raised, red border with clearer skin in the center.

Found on the lower legs only

If the red patches are localized to the lower legs, they may be caused by poor circulation or venous insufficiency, where blood pools in the lower extremities, causing swelling and redness.

Found on the legs and arms

Red patches appearing on both the legs and arms could indicate a systemic condition like eczema or psoriasis, especially if they’re accompanied by other symptoms like itching or scaling.

Read our full guide on rash symptoms for more.

Common treatment options for red patches on legs

The treatment for red patches depends on the underlying cause. Here are some common treatment options:

At-home remedies

For mild red patches, at-home remedies such as applying cool compresses, keeping the skin moisturized, and avoiding potential irritants can help alleviate symptoms. Aloe vera gel or colloidal oatmeal baths can soothe inflamed skin.

Antihistamines

If the red patches are caused by an allergic reaction, over-the-counter antihistamines can help reduce itching and inflammation.

Topical steroids

Topical corticosteroids are often prescribed to reduce inflammation and relieve itching in cases of eczema, psoriasis, or contact dermatitis.

When to see a doctor about red patches on legs

Most red patches on the legs are harmless and can be managed with at-home care. However, certain symptoms may indicate a more serious condition that requires medical attention.

You should see a doctor if:

• The red patches persist for more than a week without improvement.
• There is swelling, pain, or discharge from the patches.
• The patches are accompanied by fever, fatigue, or other systemic symptoms.

You should go to the emergency room if:

• The patches spread rapidly or cause severe pain.
• You experience difficulty breathing or swelling in your throat.
• There are signs of infection, such as pus or red streaks extending from the patches.

Read our full guide on when to worry about a rash for more.

Questions to ask your doctor about red patches on legs

If you’re planning to see a healthcare provider about the red patches on your legs, consider asking the following questions:

• What is the likely cause of my red patches, and could they be related to an allergy or infection?
• What can I do to alleviate symptoms?
• Could these red patches be a sign of a more serious condition, such as an autoimmune disorder?
• What can I do to prevent red patches from appearing in the future?

Frequently asked questions: red patches on legs

Red patches on the legs can raise many concerns, especially when they appear unexpectedly. Below are answers to some frequently asked questions about this symptom.

What if the red patches on the legs only occur after sun exposure?

Red patches that appear after sun exposure could be a sign of sunburn or a photosensitivity reaction. Using sunscreen and avoiding excessive sun exposure can help prevent these patches from forming.

What could it mean if you get red patches on your legs after a shower?

If red patches appear after a shower, it may be due to hot water, which can irritate sensitive skin or trigger conditions like eczema. Switching to lukewarm water and using gentle, fragrance-free soaps can help.

What could it mean if you get red patches on your legs after walking?

Red patches that appear after walking might be due to friction or chafing, especially if you’re wearing tight clothing or shoes. Wearing loose, breathable fabrics can help reduce irritation.

Are red patches on legs commonly associated with pregnancy?

Yes, some women may experience red patches on their legs during pregnancy due to hormonal changes or increased blood flow. These patches usually disappear after pregnancy but should be monitored for signs of infection or other complications.

Final thoughts

Red patches on the legs can have a wide range of causes, from mild irritation to more serious conditions like infections or autoimmune disorders. While many cases can be managed at home, it’s essential to monitor symptoms and consult a healthcare provider if the patches persist or worsen. Understanding the possible causes and treatments can help you manage the condition and prevent future outbreaks.

General Medicine follows a strict editorial process, including using real experts to write our articles, vetted primary sources, fact-checking, a secondary medical review, and updates as necessary. This article was medically reviewed and fact checked by Dr. Lane Thaut, DO.

Sources

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "Skin Exposures and Effects." CDC.gov, 2023. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/skin/.

American Academy of Dermatology Association. "Rashes: Overview." AAD.org, 2023. https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/rashes.

MedlinePlus. "Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema)." MedlinePlus, 2023. https://medlineplus.gov/eczema.html.